Around 250,000 of France's 600,000 deaths were military personnel. Ryszard Kaczmarek, Polacy w Wehrmachcie, Wydawnictwo Literackie, Krakw 2010, p.412, Gerhard Reichning, Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen, Teil 1, Bonn 1995. The C7P was designed to serve as a prime mover for the huge 220 mm wz.32 koda heavy mortar, in addition to serving as recovery vehicles. Jzef Garliski, Oskar Schindler: how Hollywood turned a Nazi into a hero, Israel's former head of Space program says that Aliens exist and that they're among us, The secret truth about the Saddam Hussein - USA relationship, Ben & Jerrys are as 'woke' as they are hypocrites. [33] Richard C. Lukas points out To be sure, the Poles would have starved to death if they had to depend on the food rationed to them. The deaths that directly resulted from the war are about 50-56 million people while about 19-28 million people died from war-related famine and diseases. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami. Dispropaganda is 100% independent non partisan and non profit, in order to keep the site up we rely on financial supprt from our readers. Hello!This is my first mapping video, where i try to simulate WW2 with the help of France and UK.Hope you Enjoy! Become a Member today for a growing stake in the conservative movement. Back then, it was all out aid to the allies, while staying out of the war. [79], Source of figures: Bajer, Kazimierz Zakres udziau Polakw w walce o niepodlego na obszarze pastwa polskiego w latach 1939-1945, "Zeszyty Historyczne Stowarzyszenia onierzy Armii Krajowej", (Krakw) 1996 Pages 1013, A. World War 2 was the bloodiest conflict in human history. That means Poland can be invaded from any direction, particularly since for much of Poland's history, Poland had powerful neighbors on its borders. Tell us what youre willing to do now.. (Total 849,000: Killed 296,000; Prisoners of War 449,000; emigrated from Poland (Sept./Oct 1939) 104,000). Nothing could be further from the truth. Obama's real legacy makes him one of the worst US presidents of all time. [4] Poland's losses by geographic area include about 3.5 million within the borders of present-day Poland, and about two million in the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union. The UK and France Declared War" on German, and that was it. According to the figures published by the Polish government in exile in 1941 the ethnic Polish population was 24,388,000 at the beginning of the war in September 1939. A recent study by Rudiger Overmans, a German historian, estimated that German military casualties were 5.3 million. The deaths that directly resulted from the war are about 50-56 million people while about 19-28 million people died from war-related famine and diseases. Hitler chose to attack Poland first and not the west because he realized that if he attacked France, Poland would be honor bound by its treaties with France and Britain and would attack Germany. What were the turning points of World War II? 42 of the medals were awarded for action during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (15) and 27 during the Battle of Iwo Jima. How many people died during World War II? In 1916, Wilson dreaded giving any commitments to the British, who pressed him to throw Americas weight behind a reasonable settlement. Dane te zostay uzupenione o wyliczenia z innych rde. D. Frymark. Many others were victims of the 1939-1941 Soviet occupation of eastern Poland and of deportations to Central Asia and Siberia. The conflict leading to the Battle of France erupted during September of 1939 in Poland where Adolf Hitler had hoped that the UK and France would acquiesce to his invasion and make peace. Those two examples, forgotten preludes to Americas entry into the two world wars, are disturbing because they suggest that one thing leads to another. Taylor called the 1914 dynamic war by timetable, focusing on the German Armys precise schedules for mobilization, but the inexorable compulsion was the commanding necessity to destroy the enemy before he annihilated you. [27][28] Many mass executions took place outside prisons and camps such as the Mass murders in Pianica. The Polish army fought very well, even though it was vastly outnumbered and heavily outgunned. No, I dont think they were. [49] In addition 61,000 . Library in the U.S.). Only later do we stand much chance of discerning the real truth. When he did declare war, it was a huge relief to the Roosevelt Administration, which instantly telegraphed, with the delight of having been won over by a dark seducer: Me too! Figure of 644,000 deaths caused by direct war operations includes 123,000 military casualties. During the occupation many Non-Jewish ethnic Poles were killed in mass executions, including an estimated 37,000 Poles[24] at the Pawiak prison complex run by the Gestapo. The whole strategy of Poland in 1939 was based on the fact that the UK and France, which had signed defensive military alliances with Poland prior WW2, were supposed to attack Germany two weeks into the war at the latest. Those causes were nationalism, imperialism, militarism, alliancism, and assassination. In his great utterance before the League to Enforce Peace on May 27, 1916, Wilson said that America would join after the war in a new association of nations to keep the peace. Norman Davies. )[82], The Polish government affiliated Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) in 2009 estimated total war dead at between 5,620,000 and 5,820,000 persons. However, Czesaw uczak put the number of Poles deported to Germany at 2,826,500 [30] Although Germany also used forced laborers from all over Europe, Slavs (and especially Poles and Russians) who were viewed as racially inferior, were subjected to intensified discriminatory measures. [52] In a 2009 study by the Polish government affiliated Institute of National Remembrance the total deaths of ethnic Poles and Jews were estimated at 5.6 to 5.8 million persons including 150,000 in Soviet captivity. Civilian deaths from land battles, aerial bombardment, political and racial executions, war-induced disease and famine, and the sinking of ships probably exceeded battle casualties. They found in that extinct world possessions of far greater interest to them than they found in their own. The 1947 Report of the Polish Bureau of War Damages considered only Poles and Jews in the 1939 population, other minorities were not included with the losses. Non-Jewish ethnic Poles in large cities were targeted by the apanka policy which the German occupiers utilized to indiscriminately round up civilians off the street to be sent as forced laborers to Germany. Instead they backstabbed and sacrificed their ally hoping that it would satisfy Hitler's and Nazi Germany insatiable appetite for conquest and bloodshed. An additional 660,000 Jews from other countries, were transported to Auschwitz and murdered. Also known as. per capita), Stephane Courtois, The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard Univ Pr, 1999, Paul Robert Magocsi. uczak estimated total losses at 6.0-5.9 million Polish citizens, not less than the report of the Polish Bureau of War Damages. Losses during the German occupation of Polish territory were 5.1 million persons. Total Polish War losses were 6 million persons. The Polish army managed to destroy more then one quarter of all German tanks, hundreds of armored cars and the Polish air force managed to shoot down hundreds of Germans planes. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. This was later corroborated by a top German General, Alfred Jodl, who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (and the man speaking to Hitler in the picture), who stated at the Nuremberg trials that: The Fallen of World War II is an interactive documentary that examines the human cost of the second World War and the decline in battle deaths in the years since the war. Insofar as they did see it coming, as they began to do towards the end, I think they feared it more than welcomed it. However inexact many of the figures, their main import is clear. Even in November 1941, despite an ongoing quasi-war with German U-Boats in the North Atlantic, polls showed that 70 percent of the public still wanted to stay out. A surprise invasion by Nazi Germany in September 1939 caught Poland off guard. Around six million Polish people died during the five year German occupation, three million Polish Jews and three million Catholic Poles. Nazi war criminals became high ranking commanders in NATO after WW2. Population of 27,007,000 includes only ethnic Poles & Jews; Polish citizens of national minorities (Ukrainians, Belarusians) and Germans are not included. WW2 German Death Card Sterbebild Panzer Black Wrap Uniform Beret 1941 (Krakau) $37.84 + $13.18 shipping . Comparison Board edit. Updates? France plunged into a dark age, occupied by the Nazis with the terrible implications bombing raids, executions, deportation, murders and famine. Total. France, Battle of In the early dawn hours of April 9, German troops crossed the Danish border, and German warships sailed into Copenhagen 's harbour. Justus Doenecke has written more books on the history of antiwar foreign policy than anyone, and hes still going. "Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod okupacj niemieck", "Polish Resistance and Conclusions United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC", Andrzej Gawryszewski LUDNO POLSKI W XX WIEKU POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK NSTYTUT GEOGRAFII I PRZESTRZENNEGO ZAGOSPODAROWANIA IM. Today, Gross-Rosen is part of Poland and known as Rogoznica. World War II is considered the deadliest arm conflict in human history. Mainly for this reason, estimates of total dead in World War II vary anywhere from 35,000,000 to 60,000,000a statistical difference of no small import. C. Total deaths of 6,028,000 includes about 3,000,000 Jews. 1950 2000 2050 2100 Current Historical U.N. POLSKA 1939-1945 STRATY OSOBOWE I OFIARY REPRESJI POD DWIEMA OKUPACJAMI. By 1940, between 20 and 25% of the population within the Government General depended on outside relief aid. [4][46], Source: Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. [17] The IPN puts the death toll of ethnic Poles under the German occupation at 2,770,000[4] and 150,000 due to Soviet repression[4]. Germany invaded Poland to regain lost territory and ultimately rule their neighbor to the east. When did the French run away? A table that details estimated deaths by country is available here. WW2 German Death Card Sterbebild Poland 3rd Sept 1939 Krakow Band Tunic . Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI- 1994, Victims of the Nazi Regime-Database of Polish citizens repressed under the German Occupation, This page was last edited on 4 December 2022, at 17:51. [78] Bajer's figures were used by Polish government affiliated Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) to estimate the war dead of the ethnic Polish population. 0.510%. War, perhaps more than any other human endeavor, brings with it historical memories and comparisons. The Soviet occupied territories of Poland, with total population of 13.0 million, was subjected to a reign of terror. According to research by the Institute of National Remembrance between 1939 and 1945, 1,897,000 [29] [80] The IPN put the 1939 war dead at 360,000. contribution. During the occupation, communities were held collectively responsible for Polish attacks against German troops and mass executions were conducted in reprisal. It is estimated that the war resulted in 15-20 million civilian and military death and an additional 15 million Chinese were wounded. Polska 19391945. If the British and the French had honored their defensive military alliances with Poland and had acted their role in the Plan, Germany might have been defeated, tens of millions of lives would have been saved, and the course of European and world history would have changed. Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. Estimated number of military and civilian fatalities due to the Second World War per country or region between 1939 and 1945. His website is davidhendrickson.org. "No Simple Victory"." Gniazdowski, Mateusz. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warszawa 2009, ISBN978-83-7629-067-6. Soviet Union . T. Panecki, Wysiek zbrojny Polski w II wojnie wiatowej, pl:Wojskowy Przegld Historyczny 1995, nr 1-2, s. 13,18. Germany suffered over 60,000 casualties in the Polish campaign while the Poles suffered military losses of around 66,000 soldiers who were either killed or missing in action. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) Warszawa 2009 .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN978-83-7629-067-6 Page 15 (There was no explanation given for the difference of 9,300 between this schedule and the total losses of 5,085,000 persons in the description of the Ministry of Finance Report, see above). The statistics on World War II casualties are inexact. 621, Grzegorz Motyka, Od rzezi woyskiej do akcji "Wisa". During World War II, Irena Szydowska was a courier for the Polish Home Army, an . Most Polish citizens who perished in the war were civilian victims of the war crimes and crimes against humanity during the occupation by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Today, the myth and propaganda of Poland rolling over in the face of Germanys invasion still persists, despite being just plain false, while Great Britain and France are remembered for having declared war. Clio, poor girl, is these days no longer sure of her pronouns but would still like to say, with Cassandra: You are in great danger, sir. [62], B. In a section on the demographic losses he presented estimated losses with some brief observations. Stalin was also waiting to see whether Britain and France would eventually attack Germany. The Polish War casualties have been contradicted with the Polish government reporting 6.02 million deaths including 3 million ethnic Poles and 3 million Jews. About 4,200,000 Germans died, and about 1,972,000 Japanese died. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, The Countries That Remained Neutral In WWII. Learn about the horrible conditions of German and Soviet prisoners of war during World War II, Witness the sinking of the German cruise liner MV, Forces and resources of the European combatants, 1939, The Baltic states and the Russo-Finnish War, 193940, The war in the west, September 1939June 1940, The invasion of the Low Countries and France, Italys entry into the war and the French Armistice, The Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 194041, Pearl Harbor and the Japanese expansion, to July 1942, Developments from autumn 1941 to spring 1942, Allied strategy and controversies, 194042, The Germans summer offensive in southern Russia, 1942, The Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942May 1943, Montgomerys Battle of el-Alamein and Rommels retreat, 194243, Stalingrad and the German retreat, summer 1942February 1943, The invasion of northwest Africa, NovemberDecember 1942, The Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the North Sea, 194245, The Eastern Front, FebruarySeptember 1943, The Southwest and South Pacific, JuneOctober 1943, The Allied landings in Europe and the defeat of the Axis powers, Developments from autumn 1943 to summer 1944, Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, JulyAugust 1943, The Allies invasion of Italy and the Italian volte-face, 1943, The western Allies and Stalin: Cairo and Tehrn, 1943, The Eastern Front, October 1943April 1944, The war in the Pacific, October 1943August 1944, The Burmese frontier and China, November 1943summer 1944, Developments from summer 1944 to autumn 1945, The Allied invasions of western Europe, JuneNovember 1944, Allied policy and strategy: Octagon (Quebec II) and Moscow, 1944, The Philippines and Borneo, from September 1944, The German offensive in the west, winter 194445, The Soviet advance to the Oder, JanuaryFebruary 1945, The end of the Japanese war, FebruarySeptember 1945. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The 7TP was the most modern Polish tank at the time of the outbreak of WW2. Figure included by IPN in total ethnic Polish war dead of 2,770,000[83], C. The IPN put the war dead in 1944/45 at 183,000. The Poles had great initial success by decimating two German divisions and taking 3500 German prisoners. The majority of the casualties were civilians who fell victims to crimes against humanity and war crimes during the Soviet Union and Nazi occupation. The invasion of Poland is seen as one of the most significant events of World War 2. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pg. So they prevailed upon Warsaw to hold back on a general mobilization which resulted in the fact that Germany had a two-to-one man advantage over Poland when the war broke out. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami.Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warszawa 2009. [31] Despite this food deficit the German occupiers confiscated 27% of the agricultural output in the General Government, thus reducing the food available for the civilian population. Before he went to war, however, Wilsons policy reflected the same weird combination of no, were not intervening now, but yes, at some future date we will guarantee everything that we saw, in the year before Putins War, in the Biden policy toward NATO expansion. [6] In Poland this is viewed as inflating Soviet casualties at Poland's expense. Only for the United States and the British Commonwealth can official figures showing killed, wounded, prisoners or missing for the armed forces be cited with any degree of assurance. The Soviet Union Overall, of the people killed in World War II, one-third of them were military and the rest civilians. government to members of the armed forces. David Hendrickson is president of the John Quincy Adams Society and professor emeritus of political science at Colorado College. The American Ideas Institute is a nonprofit, non-partisan 501(c)(3) organization based in Washington, D.C. 2022 The American Conservative, a publication of The American Ideas Institute. Farmers were murdered during pacifications of villages. One month later, he made some peace offers to the governments of Britain and France, who took long to reply. [66] This study was to remain secret and not published until after the collapse of communism in Poland. The authors of the Oxford Companion to World War II maintain that "casualty statistics are notoriously unreliable". Polska 19391945. Materski and Szarota page 30 -rdo: K. Bajer, Zakres udziau Polakw w walce o niepodlego na obszarze pastwa polskiego w latach 1939-1945, "Zeszyty Historyczne Stowarzyszenia onierzy Armii Krajowej", (Krakw) 1996, nr 1, s. 14 (tablica: Obliczenie liczby Polakw teoretycznie zdolnych do oporu wobec najedcw). The civilians who died away from their home country are numbered among the civilian casualties of the host nation. The Polish strategy was to try to preserve the bulk of its army for this future planned offensive, while defending the country. Losses outside Polish territory were 500,000 persons. The last thing Hitler wanted was to find himself fighting a war on two fronts. Population includes 25.0 million Poles and 3.4 million Jews. Page 30, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum believes that "The Nazi terror was, in scholar Norman Davies's words, "much fiercer and more protracted in Poland than anywhere in Europe." The Polish strategy was to try to preserve the bulk of its army for this future planned offensive, while defending the country. Polska 19391945. Below are the countries with the highest World War II casualties. (Many Polish Jews found refuge in the Soviet Union and other countries.)