$$. B J Mendelson (supports Keens idea) said Those who shout loudest will be heard most celebs with mass following (bought / ordered online) taken from book social media is bullsh*t, Evgeny Morozov dystopian view Slacktivism. The Audit Bureau of Circulations is responsible for measuring the reach of different media across a range of platforms. Miroslav has more than 25 years' experience in international tourism, research and effective destination promotion. 1994 - ikea ad - 2 guys shopping for house, Dominant groupings shape for culture ideas, values and ideology of society ( Atheide 1984). Lanier calls these firms Siren Servers, alluding to the Sirens of Ulysses. Was an integral part of this publication that expanded from a circulation of . Real estate news with posts on buying homes, celebrity real estate, unique houses, selling homes, and real estate advice from realtor.com. Perkins also argues that stereotypes are not simplistic, they contain complex understanding of roles in society. There are a few ways that you can reference a theorist in an exam, you can do this directly by quoting from an article or book of theirs, citing the author, publisher and year of publication; or you can paraphrase. The spirit of 'Web 2.0' is that individuals should open themselves to collaborative projects instead of seeking to make and protect their 'own' material. During 2017, Gorman reported a net income of $80,000 and declares and pays cash dividends of$10,000. Alan Kirby - says postmodernism is dead and buried. Jonathan Culler (2001) describes narratology as comprising many strands implicitly united in the recognition that narrative theory requires a distinction between story, a sequence of actions or events conceived as independent of their manifestation, and discourse, the discursive presentation or narration of events.. Audiences become opinion followers rather than passive audiences. Channels or vlogs with a large number of subscribers, such as Zoella's, can be economically lucrative due to the amount of web traffic generated. Gerbner - Studied the effects of television on peoples perception of crime - linked to cultivation theory and 'mean world syndrome'. The Eduqas AS & A level in media studies offers learners the opportunity to develop a thorough and in depth understanding of key issues, using a comprehensive theoretical framework and a variety of advanced theoretical approaches and theories to support critical exploration and reflection, analysis and debate. Quote: "We think therefore we are, we share what we are". Genres have either a ritual or ideological function. Areas of expertise: Sustainable tourism master plan, destination branding, marketing, effective destination promotion, capacity . Knowing what to expect in a text makes us enjoy the unexpected. Lippmann representation theory. Positivity is key - skills can't be taught effectively without the right attitude!<br><br>I've recently started my own online jewellery business - Kuho Collective. Hello! Demographics - users are targeted using a range of complex criteria including age, attitude, lifestyle, gender, national identity, race and ethnicity, education, sexuality, income, employment . 0 reviews. How could you apply Barthes and Semiotics to Attitude? Attitude clearly has a 'core' target audience. Henry Jenkins - Participatory culture. Mulvey, Laura: Feminist Theory - the concept of women as objects in media and men as subjects. Navigation Bar - establish / give away audiences . How studying works. Meehan - conducted a Study of feminist representation in the 1970s - useful to contrast to modern day studies. C2 Attitude. Generally, your social bios should look and sound similar but not identical. Pre broadband Niche products were hard to find and expensive to buy, now online shopping/sharing makes it easy to cater for everyone's taste. e.g. Eco Scout Throw By Susy Pilgri Older Posts Popular tokoh pop art malaysia . Genre films share certain fundamental characteristics. Symbolic Code: This is very similar to the Semantic Code, but acts at a wider level, organizing meanings into broader and deeper sets of meaning. Logo , Navigation bar, slider, or carousel ( sequence of pics and articles) Footer, search box, social media icons, ads static or moving, footer - with contact and about. \text { Down Payment } 5. Man loves womanunfortunately one or both of them are already spoken for, or a third party intervenes, e.g. At A2 (and AS) you can't afford to answer an exam with generalisations, you need some substance to back you up, and if it's not with hard facts and case studies, then you'll need your'guide to theorists' to help you. In soaps how are LGBTQ+ represented compared to films? Morley also stated that the position and interpellation of media groups affects how texts are decoded. It offers information on the Industry facts . - The title 'attitude' is an important part of their brand identity, shows they hold strong opinions, have a moral compass, Kiss of the Vampire Advertisement and Marketing, Task 1.3 Related Product Media Language. Women are physically portrayed in sexual or reclining poses with blank or inviting expressions. How should magazines work across all digital platforms? A-level Media - Attitude Industry. Net neutrality Adam Conover is an advocate and Youtuber, not the inventor of the term. Colour Palette - gold showing regality, wealth, wuality. They should all be optimised in terms of size for each device. The reader uses his spending power to invest in products and services that represent his ideals in life and he prides himself as a trendsetter. Clay Shirky - The internet is run on love (people offering time, resources and knowledge to get stuff done) from Here Comes Everybody. He says, The relation between what we see and what we know is never settled. Bergers idea that looking is a political act, perhaps even a historically constructed process such that where and when we see something will affect what we see comes across most powerfully in the second episode of Ways of Seeing, which focused on the male gaze. theories of regulation including those of Livingstone and Lunt. Jacques Derrida argued that the binary opposites are never equal and audiences are positioned to favour one over another. Genres are trans-historical. Attitude evidently represents the gay male community very well as they can be seen as misrepresented in certain media contexts, or are even . this product will be taught in relation to the entire theoretical framework. Does Stream target a niche or a diverse range of readers? I have summarised most theorists key ideas or simplified their concept for your benefit. Josephy Campbell based on years of research, he proposed the idea of universal monomyth that is essentially the condensed, basic hero narrative that forms the basis for every myth and legend in the world and is, therefore, common to all cultures: Ordinary World the ordered world that the hero will choose (or be forced) to abandon. The idea that the largest companies or conglomerates now operate across a number of different cultural industries. Attitude readers are financially prosperous and with earnings considerably higher than the national average. Individual films belong wholly and permanently to a single genre. Typography - cursive creates this personal feel, an intimate product (sans-serif) First name terms. It's content is atypical but the layout and everything else is generic. The people who own these large corporations are not representative of the diversity of society. This perspective on self can lead to habitual body monitoring, which, in turn, can increase women's opportunities for shame and anxiety, reduce opportunities for peak motivational states, and diminish awareness of internal bodily states. . Marshall McLuhan - Electronic age (The Global Village) Many of his ideas were developed way before the internet arrived; he was a visionary. Semantic Code (denotation and connotation): This code refers toconnotationwithin the story that gives additional meaning over the basic denotative meaning of the word. the technological simulation of consciousness, when the creative process of knowing will be collectively and corporately extended to the whole of human society. Technology is an extension of man. Click around, read some articles, and get a grasp for what kinds of content they create and publish. A-Level Media - The Returned - Audience. Hall says there are three ways the audience decodes (reads) texts: The audience fully accepts the preferred meaning, showing they agree with dominant values. male and female behavior and roles are not the result of biology but are constructed and reinforced by society through media and culture. Digital Marketing Candidate We are residential mortgage lender in Virginia, USA. Fowler one advantage of genres is that they can rely on readers already having knowledge and expectations about the works within a genre. The following subject specific vocabulary provides definitions of key terms used in our A-level Media Studies specification. Noel Carroll - Traditional 3 part structure for horror: Onset phase where a disorder is created, Discovery phase, where characters discover the disorder, Disruption phase where characters destroy the source and restore normality. Fairly simplistic - many hyperlinks, large links, interactions, header. Does Attitude feature most of the Homepage typical features? "This is a mess, but it's a mess on purpose": dark Algorithmic singularity in a cold, uncaring world. Thankfully this is changing. Viewers are encouraged to identify with the protagonist of the film who, more often than not, is a man. This can be understood through the several articles . Rick Altman was critical of genre theory. Jan 2005 - Jan 20083 years 1 month. Why did the magazine wait so long to create a website? wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn, Creativity is a mental and social process involving the discovery of new ideas or concepts, or new associations of the creative mind between existing ideas or concepts. Other critics give the power to the studios and their production schemes to keep genres alive. How could you apply Stuart Hall's reception theory? Eric Knight is a singer, songwriter, musician, performer, producer, artist manager, entrepreneur, music industry consultant, media source, conference speaker and music education advocate. E.g. 2021-08-03 Published Date . Website Terminology Banner - a long, horizontal, online advert usually found running across the top of a page in a fixed placement. Generation of ideas, images and/or solutions. they bring their past experience of a genre to help them understand it. Historic power roles: directors tend to be male, thus presenting a male representation of their subject. Kevin Kelly better than free analysed the impact of the internet on information and concluded: When copies are super abundant, they become worthless; When copies are super abundant, stuff which cant be copied becomes scarce and valuable. He also developed models of society out of Marxist theory. \text { Down Payment } Certain critics have argued that certain genres have a purpose. Advertising: "Commercial photographs," Goffman points out, "involve carefully performed poses presented in the style of being 'only natural'." This is when someone puts their intent out onto the internet and then gets free support/information/ideas/labour from other people on the internet. There are frequent references to the notion of looking and the voyeuristic treatment of the female body. 1994. How can audiences interact with producers of this media? Noam Chomsky, Naomi Oreskes, Tommy Curry, Raymond Geuss, Lori Gruen, Hilary Lawson, Julian Savulescu, John Tasioulas, Raymond Tallis, Carissa Vliz, Bernardo Kastrup, Sophie Grace Chappell, and Joanna Kavena give answers that touch on the urgent . Pam Cook (1985), the standard Hollywood narrative structure should have: Linearity of cause and effect within an overall trajectory of enigma resolution. Think back to the IPC/Time Media website when we studied Woman What does Stream own? The Terminator. Referred to as the 'ideology of protection' model. Colours associated with newspapers- serious journalism, Navigation bar- subjects that the demographic would enjoy, house style- rectangular image with bold typography, sorted in date order- show they keep up to date with the 'news'. Celebrities are also used when they effectively say 'you will be admired and valued like me'; Ego gratification - we want to be congratulated and praised, much as we needed to be valued and praised as a child; Creative outlets - Many jobs have little creative content, leaving this need unfulfilled. Age range: 16+. Objectification theory posits that girls and women are typically acculturated to internalize an observer's perspective as a primary view of their physical selves. Male characters may also be looked at, but it is still a male viewpoint. Julian McDougall suggests that in the online age it is getting harder to conceive a media audience as a stable, identifiable group. Lanier argues that Web 2.0 developments have retarded progress and innovation and glorified the collective at the expense of the individual. You should be looking at style of speech and level of information. He also came up with 10 sound arguments why the effects model is flawed. Circe: The Chase, the spider and the fly, the innocent and the victim e.g. Erik Erikson he created an eight stage theory of identity and psychosocial development. Enigma Code: (hermeneutic code) refers to any element of the story that is not fully explained and hence becomes a mystery to the reader. This therefore makes adults believe that all Youths behave in this manner. Weve designed a system that discards us.. \text { Price } It is an expression of a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of a person, place, thing, or event. The consumer expectations of information from various media such as TV, radio, newspapers, magazines and the Internet are entirely different. A Theorist. Reward (Seizing The Sword) the hero can celebrate the victory. While watchingTV, viewers want to be entertained. youth culture use certain words that are understood by that culture; a British film may well show schools, pubs and landmarks that British audiences recognize). Giroux - Focused on youth representations as 'empty categories' because most media representations are constructed by adults. Because we are aware of much more than we havepersonallyexperienced ourownexperience is mainly indirect. Genres must change, innovate in order to succeed. Auteur theory draws on the work of cinema enthusiasts who wrote Cahiers du Cinema and argued that a directors vision should be reflected in their films. By looking at this theory we are able to see that the media in society tends to ignore the good and the hard working and focuses on the fun and the trouble. Key quotes: Everyone is a producer of Media, the desire to create and share is great and we can now communicate across geographical barriers, Fan fiction is a way of the culture repairing the damage done in a system where contemporary myths are owned by corporations instead of owned by the folk., Our focus should not be on emerging technologies, but on emerging cultural practices., If old consumers were assumed to be passive, then new consumers are active. Marshall - Examined the changing relationship between games and movies (2004), McShane - Highlighted 5 points/methods that journalists follow. McLuhan wrote that the visual, individualistic print culture would soon be brought to an end by what he called "electronic interdependence": whenelectronic mediawould replacevisual culturewith aural/oral culture. David Nye (2007) presented the idea of cyber-dystopia, which envisions a world made worse by technological advancements. "In a world ordered by sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female". theories around ethnicity and postcolonial theory including Gilroy. There is also a list of miscellaneous theorists at the end, and those specifically referenced to the new specification content September 2017. Orpheus: The loss of something personal, the gift that is taken away, the tragedy of loss or the journey which follows the loss, e.g. ', emotive language through repetition of 'missing out', vernacular language (use of everyday language) through 'straight from the horses's mouth', narrative authenticity through 'and my last proper chat about it was 2012', confessional narrative through 'it scared me to do it', content constantly updated shown through date '11th October 2016', Postmodernism (Baudrillard)- online is the ultimate simulacra, online vlogs have the drive for authenticity but can never be fully authentic as it is chosen what goes into them by gatekeeper, internet is hyperreal offering the best versions of everything, Gauntlett's identity theory- idea of sharing media as stories is evident through her blog, by sharing personal stories online she is imposing meanings on the things her audience experiences in their own day to day lives, audience uses the narrative they see on her vlogs to frame their own experiences, Hall's representation theory- key part is self-representation which Zoella does through being her own gatekeeper, fulfils female stereotype through makeup, fashion, pastel colours, comes across similarly to women's magazines, use of makeup arguably teaches young girls that they must wear it, Gilroy's postcolonial theory- all white people, unlike traditional media outlets she cannot cast other ethnicities, some may construct who they should surround themselves with from her videos, she is another white powerful figure in the media reinforcing colonial power, Butler's gender performativity theory- reinforces gender norms repeating them and reinforcing them in society, Context- over 16.8 million followers, creates user generated content, has a multi-channel network, earns money through monetisation through pay per click (PPC) or cost per impression (CPI/CPM), Hesmondhalgh's theory- horizontal integration through MCN, vertical integration through manager Dom at Gleam, Livingstone and Lunt's theory- Zoe tends to follow guidelines, CAP (Committee of Advertising Practicing) regulates Youtube, Target audience- 13-24 year olds, BC1C2 (youthful and energetic), Interaction through comments, polls, social media, Jenkin's fandom theory- fans imitate Zoella creating a subculture, create content inspired by her, fan fiction (textual poaching), Shirky's 'end of audience theory'- fan art and fan fiction, 'Scamella' scandal, The Sun article calling Zoe scandalous for posting a relatively innocent photo leading to, Conventions of online magazine- high image to text ratio, lede intro (includes who, what and where for the article), white space, teaser headlines, list article/articles in bullet points, emotive language, foreground adverting, wraparound advertising, sponsored content, Levi-Strauss theory of structuralism- focus on the LGBTQ+ community presents the idea of conflict, the community being the 'good' whilst those against it being the 'bad', forming the opposition, Front cover- 'The Masculinity Issue'- dark background and pink title, bold title, central image breaks conventions through the use of a man wearing makeup and having painted nails, use of a celebrity- Jake Shears lead singer of Scissor Sisters, Zanzibar article- shows community around the world and the news, reflects how the magazine not only writes 'fun' articles but also hard hitting news, 'suspicion of being gay' presents how being gay is still seen as a 'bad' thing in other places in the world and can lead to imprisonment or death, the word 'catch' is also used dehumanising the men and reflecting the inhumane treatment, 'encouraged citizens to report people suspected of being gay' turns people against the community again reflect Levi-Strauss' theory, 'these men must be released immediately' is emotive language reflecting how the readers of the article are likely to feel for those going through this, Represents a whole different group of people that the mainstream usually avoid, arguably the way the community is constructed presents a stereotype of how you must look and act, this is reinforced by the lack of presentation in the mainstream media, Gauntlett's identity theory- 'Attitude' does not show straight forward ideas about identity, agrees that the media is now more diverse allowing readers to pick and choose their identity, Butler's gender performativity theory- breaks conventions of gender norms reflecting how gender is a social construct, Gilroy's post-colonial theory- presents people of colour and their struggles, their sexuality is presented as their minority rather than their ethnicity, reduces colonial power through the construction of a different 'other', Sold worldwide as a physical magazine- the bullet pointed articles and teasers acts as snippets for the magazine, using the website as a marketing strategy for the product, Stars that have been included- Boy George, Madonna, Lady Gaga, Tom Daley, Prince William, Former conservative party leader David Cameron has also appeared on the cover, Magazine is often themed incorporating reader's other interests, male- factual writing style, high image to text ratio, 26-55- celebrity culture for this generation, reformer/aspirer- comments on social issues, aspirational feel, Interaction can occur through Facebook and Twitter, little interaction compared to Zoella, reflects how this is a company and not an individual, Gerbner's cultivation theory- repeated exposure of views normalises the LGBTQ+ community in the media, the use of celebrities reinforces this, pushing this community into the mainstream spotlight.